Titania nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of ethanol under simulated solar light

• Evghenii Goncearenco,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Florian Dumitrache,
• Elena Dutu,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Alexandra Sandulescu,
• Crina Anastasescu and
• Ioan Balint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 616–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.51

• ) P25, (b) TO-250-a, (c) TO-450-a, (d) TO-650-a, (e) TO-850-a, (f) TO-250-b, (g) TO-450-b, (h) TO-650-b, and (i) TO-850-b. Photocatalytic H2 evolution from C2H5OH vapors over both catalyst series under simulated solar light irradiation: (a) series “a” and (b) series “b”. Photocatalytic CO2 evolution

A TiO₂@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting

• Anh Quynh Huu Le,
• Ngoc Nhu Thi Nguyen,
• Hai Duy Tran,
• Van-Huy Nguyen and
• Le-Hai Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125

• ) Nyquist plots from EIS measurements in 0.1 M KCl. Effect of KOH concentration on (a) water splitting activation voltage and (b) rate of H2 evolution at a voltage of 1.0 V; measurements under sunlight with 85 ± 5 klux of illuminance. (a) Voltammograms of the TiO2 and the TiO2@MWCNTs electrode under dark (D

• ) and light (L) conditions. (b) Dependence of luminous intensity and H2 evolution on the time of the day; electrolyte: 3 M KOH. Parameters from fitting EIS results. Photoelectrochemical water splitting performance of various TiO2-based catalysts.a Acknowledgements We acknowledge Ho Chi Minh City

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• expediting the detachment and mobility of photoinduced charges. This, in turn, increases the ability of holes and electrons to undergo oxidation and reduction, respectively. As a consequence of this, the ZnIn2S4/BiVO4 heterojunction has unusual photocatalytic activity. It has an H2 evolution rate much higher

Nanoporous and nonporous conjugated donor–acceptor polymer semiconductors for photocatalytic hydrogen production

• Zhao-Qi Sheng,
• Yu-Qin Xing,
• Yan Chen,
• Guang Zhang,
• Shi-Yong Liu and
• Long Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 607–623, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.50

• :3) (Figure 2) were obtained. P5 exhibited a smaller bandgap of 1.99 eV. Moreover, the photoluminescence spectra indicated an improved separation efficiency of photogenerated charges of P5. A stable H2 evolution rate of 32 μmol·h−1 (20 mg) was achieved for HMP-3_2:3, which was several times higher

• deposition of Pt as the cocatalyst, P45 exhibited the most prominent photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution (29.6 μmol·h−1, 100 mg) under visible light. These results suggest that the D–π–A architecture might be better than the conventional D–A counterpart for designing high-performance polymer-based

• photocatalysts for H2 evolution. Although the BT group can increase the wettability of polymers [50], most BT-based polymers are difficult to disperse in water. To overcome the issue of poor dispersibility of BT-based polymers, Huang et al. [69] synthesized two BT-based linear CPs with oxygen-containing branched

Boosting of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via chlorine doping of polymeric carbon nitride

• Malgorzata Aleksandrzak,
• Michalina Kijaczko,
• Wojciech Kukulka,
• Daria Baranowska,
• Martyna Baca,
• Beata Zielinska and
• Ewa Mijowska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 473–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.38

• the H2 evolution rate after three cycles, indicating the stability of the catalyst. Table 4 presents a comparative study of Cl-PCN with catalysts doped with Cl and other elements which have been reported in the literature. The table presents a broad range of the enhancement factor of the hydrogen

• evolution rate after PCN doping. Among the presented doping procedures, S- and Cl-doping were found to enhance HER of PCN more significantly [45][56]. To explain the phenomenon of the enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution after Cl-doping more studies have been conducted. The optical properties of PCN and Cl

• removal. Then, the reactor was irradiated with a Xe lamp (150 W) with an air mass filter (A.M. 1.5 G) to achieve a simulated solar light. The photocatalytic H2 evolution rate was analyzed by using a Young Lin 6500 gas chromatograph (GC, micro TCD detector, ValcoPLOT Molesieve 5 Å fused-silica column, and

Synthesis of novel C-doped g-C₃N₄ nanosheets coupled with CdIn₂S₄ for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

• Jingshuai Chen,
• Chang-Jie Mao,
• Helin Niu and
• Ji-Ming Song

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 912–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.92

• , Huang et al. fabricated self-doped C-atom g-C3N4 via self-assembly, which exhibited highly efficient photocatalytic activity of H2 evolution under visible-light irradiation [22]. Moreover, the construction of a heterojunction composite is an effective approach to facilitate the separation of

• attention because of the suitable band edge and band gap, as well as tunable optical properties [23][24][25][26][27][28]. For example, CdIn2S4 has been reported in various photoredox catalysis, such as organic photosynthesis, CO2 photoreduction and H2 evolution [29][30][31]. Despite these advances, the

• ]. In addition, hierarchical CdIn2S4/graphene nano-heterostructures have been fabricated as efficient photocatalysts for solar H2 evolution [33]. In this study, synergy can be obtained by combining the two strategies, self-doped C-atom g-C3N4 (CCN) and hybridization with another semiconductor, to

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

Two-dimensional carbon-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy generation and environmental remediation applications

• Suneel Kumar,
• Ashish Kumar,
• Ashish Bahuguna,
• Vipul Sharma and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1571–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.159

• investigated in detail by various research groups. Hence, a new class of photocatalysts with significantly suppressed charge recombination and fast interfacial charge transfer have been developed using these materials with extraordinary H2 evolution capability. Yeh et al. [107] demonstrated graphite oxide as a

• photocatalytic reaction, the H2 evolution rate was constant. This is mainly because the GO band gap decreases during the reaction, leading to the upward shift of the VB. Teng et al. [113] have shown the functional engineering of GO for tuning its band gap by its treatment with ammonia and have explored its

• sites for H2 evolution, increasing interfacial charge transfer and reducing the recombination probability of photogenerated electron–hole pairs [116]. However, the high cost of noble metals limits their use as cocatalysts on a large scale. Graphene has been demonstrated to be one of the best

In situ formation of reduced graphene oxide structures in ceria by combined sol–gel and solvothermal processing

• Jingxia Yang,
• Johannes Ofner,
• Bernhard Lendl and
• Ulrich Schubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1815–1821, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.174

• composite can also be seen from the CO temperature-programmed reduction (CO-TPR) (Figure 7). Both CO2 and H2 evolution showed signals at lower temperatures (ca. 100 °C) for rGO(0.05)–CeO2 than for rGO(0)–CeO2. Similar to rGO(0)–CeO2, rGO(0.05)–CeO2 also showed three features: removal of surface lattice

Liquid fuel cells

• Grigorii L. Soloveichik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1399–1418, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.153

• H2 evolution at concentrations above 2 M at a more negative electrode potential (−1.38 V) [171]. The electrode potential increases even further (E0 = −1.65 V) for a four-electron reaction but this increase does not compensate for the loss of capacity [172] Non-PGM cathode catalysts for direct

Functionalized nanostructures for enhanced photocatalytic performance under solar light

• Liejin Guo,
• Dengwei Jing,
• Maochang Liu,
• Yubin Chen,
• Shaohua Shen,
• Jinwen Shi and
• Kai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 994–1004, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.113

• have been reported to be effective to enhance photocatalytic H2 evolution on CdS [25]. Low-cost WC was also used as efficient cocatalyst on CdS because of its low overpotential for hydrogen production and proper physicochemical properties [26]. The Xu group has studied the effect of NiS working as a

• of anatase TiO2 had different photocatalytic activities. However, when partially terminated with fluorine, the three facets had similar photocatalytic activity in H2 evolution [40]. Engineering the morphology of semiconductors to preferably expose active facets is therefore a promising approach, yet

Enhancement of photocatalytic H₂ evolution of eosin Y-sensitized reduced graphene oxide through a simple photoreaction

• Weiying Zhang,
• Yuexiang Li,
• Shaoqin Peng and
• Xiang Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 801–811, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.92

• ; graphene oxide; H2 evolution; photocatalysis; photoreduction; sp2 conjugated domains; Introduction Hydrogen is an efficient and green energy carrier. Photocatalytic water splitting into hydrogen by means of solar energy and semiconductor photocatalysts is a environmentally friendly way to produce storable

• composites, a nanographene shell on a TiO2 core and TiO2 nanoparticles on a graphene sheet, exhibit a higher photocatalytic H2 evolution than TiO2 under UV irradiation. This can be attributed to an efficient electron transfer from TiO2 to graphene [9][10]. Interestingly, single reduced graphene oxide itself

• characterized by a high activity for H2 evolution under visible light irradiation. Recently, to improve the photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution in the visible light region, EY has been employed to sensitize RGO, and the sensitized photocatalyst displays an increased photoactivity for hydrogen

Nanostructure sensitization of transition metal oxides for visible-light photocatalysis

• Hongjun Chen and
• Lianzhou Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 696–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.82

• nanostructure can also be used as a sensitizer to activate wide-bandgap semiconductors under visible light. For example, Liao et al. investigated the photocatalytic ability of the composite photocatalysts including multi-walled carbon nanotubes, TiO2 and Ni particle. They found that the rate of H2 evolution can

Dye-sensitized Pt@TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures for the efficient photocatalytic generation of hydrogen

• Jun Fang,
• Lisha Yin,
• Shaowen Cao,
• Yusen Liao and
• Can Xue

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 360–364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.41

• simultaneously, the dye-sensitization-driven H2 evolution showed a much higher efficiency as compared to the situation with no excitation of TiO2. This kind of synergic effect reveals a new direction for improving the efficiency of composite photocatalysts by using selective excitation wavelengths. Results and

• for the proton reduction and H2 evolution on the uncovered surface area of Pt. For the control sample Pt/TiO2, the TiO2 particles were synthesized through a hydrothermal method that was followed by the photodeposition of Pt nanoparticles, as shown in Figure S2 (Supporting Information File 1). The TiO2

In situ monitoring magnetism and resistance of nanophase platinum upon electrochemical oxidation

• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Stefan Topolovec,
• Stephan Landgraf,
• Heinz Krenn and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 394–399, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.46

• onset of H2 evolution. The colored CV curves in Figure 1 characterize the various potential regions, which will be discussed in the following with respect to charge-induced variations of the electrical resistance and the magnetic moment. Each CV is located within the oxygen-governed regime and shown in